Chest Deformities: Pectus Excavatum & Pectus Carinatum
Chest wall deformities are structural abnormalities that affect the shape of the chest. While these conditions can vary in severity, the two most common types are pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum.
There are two common types of chest deformities:
- Pectus Excavatum (Funnel Chest or Concave Chest):
This condition occurs when the sternum pushes inward, creating a sunken appearance in the chest. - Pectus Carinatum (Pigeon Chest or Raised Chest):
In pectus carinatum, the sternum and ribs protrude outward, giving the chest a pigeon-like appearance.
These deformities usually become more prominent during puberty as the chest wall grows. While some cases may only cause cosmetic concerns, others can lead to breathing difficulties, chest pain, and fatigue.
Understanding Pectus Excavatum (Funnel Chest)
Pectus excavatum is the most common chest wall deformity, affecting about 1 in every 300 to 400 children, with males being three times more likely to be affected than females. The severity of pectus excavatum can vary greatly. In mild cases, the inward curvature of the chest may be barely noticeable. However, in severe cases, the sunken chest can compress the heart and lungs, leading to breathing problems, exercise intolerance, and heart palpitations.
Pectus Carinatum (Pigeon Chest)
Pectus carinatum is less common than pectus excavatum, affecting about 1 in every 1,500 children. It is also more likely to affect males than females. Similar to pectus excavatum, the severity of pectus carinatum can range from mild to severe. In mild cases, the outward protrusion may be barely noticeable. However, in severe cases, the protruding chest wall can cause cosmetic concerns, restrict lung function, and lead to breathing difficulties and chest pain.
Early intervention can help improve symptoms and prevent potential complications
If you are concerned that your child may have a chest deformity, it is essential to consult with a specialist to diagnose and discuss treatment options.